Haffkine Bio-Pharmaceutical Corporation Limited.
A GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA UNDERTAKING.

TETANUS ANTITOXIN

Enzyme refined equine globulin solution
1500 IU/1ml ampoule
10,000 IU/3.4ml vial
20,000 IU/5ml vial

Packing :

1ml ampoule X 10,
1ml ampoule X 100
3.4ml vial X 10
5ml vial X 10

Anti Tetanus Serum I.P.(A T S)

It is used for both preventing and curing Tetanus.
ATS is a solution of purified antibodies prepared from Equine Blood. It is available in Ampoules of 1 ml., 3-4 ml and 5 ml.

 

 
Active Ingredients : Enzyme refined equine globulin solution
1500 IU/1ml ampoule
10,000 IU/3.4ml vial
20,000 IU/5ml vial
Packing :  

1ml ampoule X 10,
1ml ampoule X 100
3.4ml vial X 10
5ml vial X 10

Category : Passive immunising agent.
Dosage    :   By subcutaneous or intramuscular injection Prophylactic not less than 1500 units preferably under the cover of antihistamines
Adverse Drug Reaction : Occasional sensitivity reactions accute anaphylactic shock which needs immediate treatment.
Precautions :
  • Sensitivity tests should be done whenever possible before administration.
  • Antihistamines and treatment for anaphylactic shock should be kept ready.
TETANUS ANTITOXIN

Tetanus antitoxin is prepared by hyperimmunising horses with tetanus toxin. Blood plasma obtained from the hyperimmunised horses which is rich in antibodies to tetanus toxin, is enzyme refined purified and concentrated. The antitoxin has the specific power of neutralising the toxin secreted by Clostridium tetani, the causative organism of tetanus.

Use in prophylaxis :

A dose of 1500 international units of tetanus antitoxin should be injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly, after testing for serum sensitivity (see below for reactions to horse serum). It should be injected as soon as possible after tetanus prone injury, such as wounds contaminated with soil, dirt etc. Adequate surgical treatment of wounds with the use of suitable antibiotics should be carried out in addition to the prophylactic injection of antitoxin, if the patient is sensitive to serum or has been actively immunised previously with tetanus vaccine (adsorbed) the patient should receive the dose of tetanus vaccine(adsorbed) only and not tetanus antitoxin. The use of antitoxin gives protection for 1 to 3 weeks only. While tetanus vaccine gives long time immunity and is cheaper and practically free from reactions. It is also adviced that simultanously with the administration of the prophylactic dose of tetanus antitoxin active immunization should be started. This is done by injecting at the same time in another arm, 0.5ml of adsorbed tetanus vaccine (Tet./Vac./P.T.A.P.) since adsorbed tetanus vaccine is able to actively immunize against tetanus even in the presence of tetanus antitoxin (B.J.Vakil et al Ind. J.Med. Research, 1968 Vol.56 pp 1188-1201). A second dose of 0.5ml adsorbed tetanus vaccine only is to be injected between 1 to 2 months after the first dose of vaccine and a third dose 6 to 12 months after the second dose to produce adequate long term protection.

Use in treatment of tetanus:
It is recommended that a dose of 10000 to 20000 I.U. of tetanus antitoxin should be injected intramuscularly soon after admission of patient with symptoms of tetanus such as lockjaw, muscular spasms, etc. after taking precautions against possible serum reaction. The dose of 10000 to 20000 I.U. is now considered adequate (J.C.Patel et al. proceeding of the first international conference of tetanus p 346, B.J.Vakil et al ibid, p.337 the study group of tetanus, Bombay 1965). In addition, symptomatic treatment consisting of antibiotics, sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants may be given. The patient should be actively immunized with adsorbed tetanus vaccine (Tel/Vac/PTap), at the time of discharge and advised to return after 1 or 2 months for a second dose of the adsorbed tetanus and 6 to 12 months later for the third dose.
Reaction due to horse serum: